For the people in the first B privileged to be able to make people happy picture, the place The kids in the first picture are 4 Janet thin ks a successful comedian must I'd They certainly look pretty pleased with C be able to ignore any criticism.
And this is just a n In the A m ust be prepared for set-backs in her career. B mig ht accept other work for financial reasons. I can't be Use Reading t he cl ues in brackets to help you.
Then listen aga in Multiple matching Part 8 and check your answers. In Reading and Use of English Part 8, you match had a good time questions or statements to sections of one text or 3 You have to understand that and not let it Strategy: were not appreciated Read the text s quickly to get a general idea of the topic. Match the titles with the sections A-D.
D Complete t he sentences w ith the correct form of , Keep it light. For questions good things in life. You may choose any of the 4 I w ish I J 7 I'd ra t her my brother J 8 It 's high time we There are mistakes in six of t he sentences. J the evenings. J 3 I w ish I wouldn't have to work so hard - I'm getting mention a special technique used to rea lly tired. We had films about gUilt, Atonement about the all-American dream coming apart at the seams Revolutionary Road and even a very long account of a very long life lived backwards the deeply morbid The Curious Case Of Benjamin Buttonl.
Deep-dish, feel-bad films have plenty to recommend them. If you're not a teenager and you don't just want to see the next summer tent- pole blockbuster, you'll welcome movies that pay attention to characterisation and dialogue and don't just rely on CGI or the posturing of comic book heroes.
However, as film-make rs from Preston Sturges to Danny Boyle have discovered, there is no reason that a feel-good movie needs to be dumb. You can touch on social deprivation and political injustice: the trick is to do so lithely and, if possible, with a little leavening humour.
D Historically, the best feel-good movies have often been made at A the darkest times. The Brits were pioneers of the form. The Age of Austerity was also the. In the best of these films like Passport To baby, was an early example of feel-good film-making.
Pimlico or Whisky Galore, a community of eccentric and mildly What distinguished it was the tempo. The film-makers anarchic characters would invariably come together to thwart used cross-cutting to crank up the tension, which is only finally the big, bad, interfering bureaucrats.
Stories about hiding away released when the baby is found. The film 'marks a key stage a hoard of whisky or setting up a nation state in centrallondon in the medium's development from an amusing novelty to the were lapped up by audiences. To really work, feel-good movies "seventh art," able to hold its own alongside literature, theatre, must have energy and spontaneity - a reckless quality that no painting, music and other more traditional forms: claims the amount of script tinkering from studio development executives British Film Institute's Screenonline website.
Film historians can guarantee. The best take you by surprise. What makes the today continue to study Hepworth's storytelling abilities but that perfect feel-good movie? That remains as hard to quantify as wasn't what interested the audiences who flocked to see it.
B There has long been a tendency to sneer at feel-good films. Vocabulary Serious, self-conscious auteurs are often too busy trying to working out meaning from context express their innermost feelings about art and politics to worry about keeping audiences happy. Sullivan's Travels is about John L Sullivan, a glib and successful young Hollywood director of comedies, who marked somethi ng out as special Section A yearns to be taken seriously.
Sullivan dresses up as a hobo and 2 increase Section A sets off across America to learn more about the plight of the common man. He ends up sentenced to six years in prison. One 3 keep its position against others Section A of the prisoners' few escapes from drudgery is watching cartoons. Use the prefix mis-. Search behave fortune interpret lead trust understand That young boy is always behaving bad ly - More than just a pet 2 he needs to be taught some manners.
She's had a lot of bad luck recently - she Two of my friends recently adopted a dog. By 1 adopting deserves better. One research study tra cked peo ple S Some advertising doesn't tell the working in stressful jobs who adopted a cat or dog; caring for whole truth - in fact, it quite often 3 their new cat or dog lowered the person's blood pressure deceives people. People who own dogs tend 6 It's often possible to not understand to get more exercise than people without 4 a dog, and 5 exercise is a guaranteed way of boosting your health the co rrect meaning of a person's and happiness.
Having said 6 exercise is a guaranteed way to boost health and happiness. But families can still benefit from the love of animals happily hopefully by adopting lower-maintenance pets such as fish or by helping out with other people's animal s. B There is one word missing in each conversation. Add it in B: No, I can't afford at the moment.
B: I expect because it's always busy on a Friday. B: Do you think' I hadn't noticed' S B: Really? So I' Maybe we'll be there at the same time. B: Of course I. What tim e will you get here? B: I suppose means yo u ca n stay nea r your family, so that's good.
About the exam: 2 How d oes th e writer use a possible negat ive point to make a In Writing Pa rt 2, you choose between positive one? One of these options may 3 What factual information does the w riter give? It coul d be a review of a book, 4 List the adjectives used in the review.
You w rite bet w een an d words. One moment you can be Strategy: feeling really depressed and fed up with life and then Incl ude so me information about wha t you something comes on the television which makes you are revi ewing but do n't go into a lot of giggle and by the end of the programme you find that detail about one element.
That is exactly Give yo ur reactions, whether positive what I found when I watched the series Btanciings on or nega tive or both , and include television last week. I usually shy away from slapstick Use an informa l style to en gage readers.
I am glad I switched on. Then decide which It is set in and it revolves paragraph opening sentence A-E around the lives of an aristocratic but hugely eccentric best fits each gap. Timothy Spall plays the You see this an nouncement on a website. Unfortunately, this is a role he detests. However, what makes it so amusing is the way it pokes mild fun at a bygone age When we're feel ing a bit low, watching where money, title and class ruled society. We see the somethi ng funny on TV can 11ft our spirits.
British at their best and at their worst, and it is an We'd like to post some reviews of TV series excellent example of how the British can laugh at that give us a good giggle. Send us a review of a TV series which 5 you think will cheer us all up, giving I can thoroughly reasons for your choice. Channel 2, B The seri es is based on the works of 7 p. Wodehouse, of Jeeves and Wooster You won't regret it.
C It happens to all of us. D It is refreshing to watch a comedy series where the j okes are innocent but IJ Read the exam task again and plan your own review.
Think about the questions below. Then write you r review. Is it old or recent? Why did you start watching it? Wh o are the actors? For questions 1- 8, use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. Searching For a King You wouldn't expect to find a dead king under a city car park. Always a I.. Richard was The skeleton exhibited simi lar injuries to those recorded after rhe battle and scientists carried out carbon daring, which placed the skeleton in the fifteenth century.
The laSl missing king of England had been found. There are two questions for each extract. Extract 1 You hear part of a discussion about keeping mementos and things from the past 1 The man feels that keeping things from the past is A important for people to maintain a sense of identity. B necessary to preserve certain things for posterity. C a way of making good use of old things. A Some things are on ly signifi cant for those directly involved.
B People need to feel a lin k to their ancestors. C It's essential to help older re latives retain their memories. D Look at the exam task and the pictures. Put a A exp laining why mu seums are not viable today cross X next to the things that the candidate B describing what is involved in running a museum should not do. C outlining reasons why museums are irrelevant 1 Give a detailed description of two pictures.
B have potenti al for educational use. C are popular with certain types of people. You hear two people talking about a historical film 7 Try to addre ss all parts of the task. Look at th e pictures. They show people recording 5 How does the man feel about the film? Compa re two A annoyed about th e way it was marketed of t he pictures and say why these records might be B bored by th e lack of a good storyline important to people in the future and how accurate C fru strated by t he pace of the film th e recording needs to be.
B often contain incorrect facts for dramatic effect C make history more interesting for many people. Tick v' the things in Activity 1 that he does. What is the writer's main 2 not dangerous Pa rag raph 2 purpose? For questions , choose the answer A, B, C or D which you think fits best according to the text.
D Complete the sentences with the adjectives in Activity 3. Whe n he was younger, the writer bel ieved his father's The cheese had been in the fridge far too long and it collection of strange old things had gone..
A was amusing to look at 2 There had been a landslide because of the heavy rain B should not be taken seriously. C was understandable at his age. A certain his father had a severe health problem. C aware his father's situation wasn't as bad as some. C compare types of environment people live in today. Th e writer uses the phrase multi-s torey storage facility D emphasise that Jasmine's priorities are not line 30 to infiuenced by her moth er.
A show how big Vasoulla's house is. A remove some ofVasoulla's possessions secretly. A Vasoulla is not in control. D find ways to persuade Vasoulla to part with B Vasoulla needs more work surfaces. A what Vasou lla has collected is not systematic. B overcame her frustra t ion with her messy house. B Vasou lla is becom ing overwhelmed by her junk.
C recognised t he value of Jasmine's help. D foun d important things she had long forgotten. C He hoped to make money from his possessions. D He was determined to make life easier for his family.
Yet by the end, you also shared Jasmine's triumph as the carpets of three of her mother's I 'd always considered my father to be something of a hoarder. Our family home was flanked To her credit, Vasoulla realised that she had a serious problem, not least because her hoarding had been going 95 rooms were reintroduced to the light of day for the first time in years.
It would be an overstatement to say that Vasoulla had conquered her by a pair of garages but neither on - and getting worse - for years. Her obsession. But she was touchingly 5 was used for anything as prosaic 4S grown-up sons remembered thinking appreciative of what Jasmine as parking cars. Instead, they both it normal for dinner to be served had done for her and vowed to bulged, ceiling to floor, with a bizarre in a bedroom; it was the only room continue their house-clearing and ever-growing menagerie of stuff: that could accommodate the whole project.
The hoarding had evidently table again: she said. At the the way through my life I've felt that extraordinary story, I realised time, the rest of the family thought my mum's stuff was more important that my father isn't a hoarder my father's stockpiling of apparently than me: she reflected quietly Any at all.
It isn't objects he prizes. Like many 15 harmless eccentricity shared by ss been scribbling in their notebooks of his generation, who grew up middle-aged men nesting in garages when Jasmine told us she now in post-war austerity, my father and sheds across the land. The windsurfing I started to wonder if those even the kitchen worktops: magazines will come in handy overflowing garages might have Over the course of the documentary, if he gets back into windsurfing; been bad for his health.
Watching which followed the family over several the carpet could do for a third the moving documentary My months, Jasmine coaxed and cajoled garage. He even had a brilliant 25 Hoarder Mum and Me put my father's 6S Vasoulla to jettison at least some scheme for his collection of relatively benign symptoms into of her junk. It was a slow, painful used deodorants.
Incensed that context. In it, Vasoulla, a lifelong process - Vasoulla had been known you could never reach the final hoarder and mother of TV presenter to buy back her own possessions just ten percent of the deodorant Jasmine Harman, invited a film crew hours after donating them to charity. Every room consulted a Dr Mataix-Cols, who told residue from each into an empty in Vasoulla's house contained more her hoarding was considered a form of casing, thereby creating one new, stuff than space.
The staircases were oeD but did not get the attention and reconstituted deodorant. At the almost impassable and in the kitchen, research grants it deserved because it time, my brother and I thought 35 Vasoulla had problems chopping 7S wasn't yet recognised as a condition he was potty. But now I see that vegetables because every flat surface in its own right.
The author of another my father was actually decades had already been commandeered book about hoarding had even more ahead of the curve. He wasn't by clutter. The house would have dispiriting news for Jasmine. D Match with A-F to make collocations. However, 3 It's This has already turned up evidence sim ilar meaning to the first sentence. Replace providing 5. Shakespeare's house looked and the make-up of his household.
Archaeologists have found pottery and animal remains in the Most mistakes in archaeology Apparently, 2 The publishing house has produced a lot of Shakespeare's daughter Susanna entertained royalty in the historica l books. When I visited the site, I was 8 i The publishing house His suggestion Complete o Look at the exam task. Tick v the things that you have to do. It is a Yo u have made the notes below. Whereas it is im portant to encourage patriotism, Why- it is difficult to know the truth about it is also.
Some oflinions eXl2ressed in the documentary 7 It believed that legends have a basis 'One way IS to look at official records - they in fact can't li e, can they? You should explain which you in th e past think has the most influence on how historical events are described, giving reasons to support your opinion.
You may. Write your essay in words in an appro priate style. Remember to organ ise your work into paragraphs that dea l with separate points. Use only one word in each gap. I To bake or not to bake? As a child I was captivated by the idea of being a baker - it Do I really need that? I was the In the event it didn 't happen but I do sell sweets online. That wasn't l'masuckerfor O Marketing people have got me for every job I'd applied for, so starting my own business sussed - they understand my mindset.
I researched the market, looking for a I buy something, I feel The problem I don't. I suspected it might be a temporary After that comes guilt and more often than arrangement until I I return the item for a refund. It was scary at first, and regret?
I've been assessing options particularly I was I'm learning to spread my risk, but I was in charge, It's been purchases I've earmarked my credit card It's misery, 3 A contract B partnership C alliance o collaboration not happiness.
Use the word transformations Part 4 given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a For questions , complete the second word that fits the gap in the same line. There is an example sentence so that it has a similar meaning at the beginning 0. You Was Hamlet just one of us? Here is an have to deal with in the modern world example 0. We're the theatre with you. However, when we come up with This milk Putting things off can lead 28 For me, imagining what life must have been to some quite startling It also has the potential to cause I find it.
TURN If a company is performing poorly, it's difficult J 3 Sentences J 4 Sentences For questions , choose the answer A, B, C or D which fits It's all about technique best according to what you hear. Once A It was something she had always planned for. Two words are D It was a logical extension of her interest mentioned in a marketing Each of in design. Buzz is what salespeople want to create through Hype, advertising created by the B her unpaid work experience.
Which is more effective? People are inclined to D her own determination to succeed. A Don't let anything discourage you. B Develop your own identity and brand. C Don't expect to be able to have a social life. S In a recession, unfortunately, many companies go D Make sure that your business is someth ing 6 His general health is getting worse - he's really going. CB page 72 quitf' spectacular.
T or false F. Six paragraphs have been be taken too seriously? There is one C Scragg describes herself as 'a historian of art and extra paragraph which you do not need to use. For many of those in the crowds on the D The phrases in italics in the sentences below are from the pavement, self-denial was a given. They could n"t article. Complete them, using one word for each gap. E The big department store continues to uphold the tradition of presenting lavish and eye-catching 2 A company in Cambridge has been at the Advam;es in 3 Pavement artists often take their Woolworth was the..
G 'There was always a great concern for symmetry and discovered harmony,' Scragg observes. As a show, it made any production of Chekhov seem action-packed by comparison. Yet Gonion Selfridge. I 1 I As Britain struggled to regain economic stability after the war, the importance of the ncw mass commerce to thl'" country's recovery was recognised,' says Rebecca. The new style of window dressing that came into its own after the armistice took inspiration from the theatre and the fine and decorative arts.
It involved flambovant design and 4 drew huge crowds. Retailers complain about falling sales. But ULJ are they doing enough to seduce the passing customer? In the course of her research, Scragg spent some time in Scragg thinks not. The s saw a big growth in major departm ent stores in the main cities 'I'm not making any claims that this is great or fine art: and they would all have had a budget for window dressing.
At her feel are swathes of So, although retail theatre may have been in its infancy, ruffled material and posi tioned around her any number retail as leisure or therapy for a mass market was still a of ad ornments. Complete the phrases for agreeing and disagreeing. D Which of these statements are true about A: Yes. I can see that advertising can make people feel bad the exam?
You feel a bit inferior when you see all the models in size zero clothes. You need to talk about all the points. B: I couldn't agree It can be depressing when 2 You should take it in turns to give your detailed opin ion as you go through the points.
They promote fast food and things 5 The examiner will let you continue speaking until full of salt and fat you fi nish.
B: I can't Here are some issues that concern people 3 A: I thin k they should cut out all advertising during kids' today and a question for you to discuss. Register to contact people from your country living in Germany just like you! Dating site for Expats in Germany Finding love is a challenging quest even in your home country. Online dating guide for expats Living in Germany is an incredible opportunity to rediscover and reinvent yourself, including the romantic side of your life.
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To learn more, view our Privacy Policy. Log In Sign Up. Download Free PDF. Ship or Sheep PDF. Karina New. Download PDF. A short summary of this paper. David McCreathfor IT assistanceand contribution to my computer literacy.
Sandra Turner for help with typing. I would like to continue to thankAmir Pirouzan,Iean Crockerand Iohn Lipscomb for their adviceand encouragementduring the preparation of the original edition of Ship or Sheep? Nso Philippa Lipscomb and other teachersof the British Council, Teheran, who helped with the first classtry-outs.
The publisherhasusedits best endeavoursto ensurethat the URLsfor external websitesreferredto in this book are correct and activeat the time of going to press. However,the publisher has no responsibilityfor the websitesand can make no guaranteethat a site will remain live or that the content is or will remain appropriate. Eachof the other units introducesa differentEnglishsound,aswell as other aspectsof pronunciation e. Youwill useit at the beginningof most units but not Unit l.
Youcan alsouseit for extrapracticeof soundsthat are difficult for you. First,find out which units are most important for you. If you are working alone,do TestA. TestB needsthe help of a teacher,native speakeror near-nativespeaker. Decidewhetheryou want to: - work first on the most important units for you, or - beginat the beginningand work through the book, spendingmore time on the most important units for you.
Youcan chooseto work simultaneouslyon SectionA vowels and SectionB consonants. You can also do the sevenreview units. Read, Maktng Englishsoundsbeforebeginningeachsection seepages I-2, This introduces some essentialvocabulary. Symbolsusedin the book: meansthis materialis recorded. If you are a studentworking alone,you could try it by usingyour imagination,e. Othersymbolsused: Intonation is shown with arrows: The main word stressis shovrrn in bold, e. Sentence stress is shown with underlining, e.
Sentencestressis shourn with underlining, or sometimeswith big and small circles: OoOoOoooOo Sentencestressis shorvrm with underli4ing. The Cambridge Aduanced Learner's Dictionary uses these symbols.
In most units but not in Unit l , Exercise2 Minimal palrs gives you practice in contrasting two sounds in words and sentences. If you don't have one of the two sounds in your language, practising the pairs of sounds can sometimes help you to hear - and then produce - the English sound. You can backtrack on the CD to repeat them as many times as you want.
If you don't like backtracking, listen to the dialogue after you have done the dialogue tasks. TheMask There are two ways in which you can use the mask which you cut out from page I85 : I At the beginning of the minimal pair exerclsesHere, you are instructed to use the mask in most units after Unit l. The mask symbol at the beginning of the exerciseindicates 'use the mask'. This will help you to focus on really listening to the sounds first.
After you have listened for the first time, you can backtrack on the CD to listen again and repeat. Here, your task with the mask is to try to produce the contrasting sounds correctly while trying to remember the words and sentences.
I Mask on - listen and repeat. Otherwaysof havingextrapracticeof difficultsounds I Make playrng cards by photocopying rhe minimal pair charts e. If working alone, play pick up pairs, Unit 7, page 27 or Pick up same sounds, Unit 14, page Seethe symbolsin the students'introduction,especially t DiagnosticTests Youcan usetheseif you needto assessstudents' difftculties. But ifyou alreadyknow this for your class,you can chooseto skip the testsand decidewhetheryou want the studentsto work through the book or focusonly on someunits.
Studentsworking alone can self-administerTestA with or without your input. To administerTestB, studentscan be askedto recordtheir individualperformancesfor your assessment. Or you may preferto do this with them so that you can immediatelycheckpossible'reading' ratherthan pronouncingmistakes,by askingthem to listen and repeat the item. List of likely errors This is on the websiteso that it can be addedto.
It would be useful for each student to have a printout of the relevant part of this list. BilI boughta sheep. Thesesometimeshelp studentsto hear- and then pronounce- sounds that are difficult for them. You may want to extend students'class practice of particular minimal pairs by inventing gamesor playing the following: - Cardgames Theseare describedin Exerciset of the review units.
Makemore copiesif usingpairsfrom only one unit. This book is copl'right,but permissionis grantedto makea singlecopy of the cardsdescribedin the review units, for the sole purpose of playing the card gamesoutlined. Studentsshow with one or two fingers if they hear sound I or sound 2. Studentspractisein pairs and then back to back. Students mingle move around randomly , not showingtheir cardsbut repeatingtheir word to find the otherswith the samesound. They form a group,which checkscorrect membership.
The first group to completetheir set of wordswith the samesoundwins. Studentsswap cardswithin their group and checkpronunciationof new words beforeall mingling again to find the person in the other group with the other half of their minimal pair. Studentschangecardswith that personand checkeachother'spronunciation. Then start the mingling gamefrom the beginningso both soundsareused. The mask SeeIntroduction for Students. The purpose of the mask is twofold: - to allow studentsto listen to and practisethe minimal pair sounds first in words and then in sentenceswithout beingdistractedby the written word - for extra practice of soundsthey find difficult.
Test B requires the help of a teacher, native speaker or near-native speaker of English. The tests are not to give you a mark. They may help you to find out which sounds and other aspects of English pronunciation could be the most difficult for you. In each item you will hear two words. Sometimes the two words are the same. Sometimes they have one sound that is different. Listen once only to each item and tick the S same column or the D different column.
If you are not sure, tick the question mark? If you hear, 'sheep ship' tick the D column. If you are not sure, tick the? Listen to Lucy talking to Lesley on the telephone. In some items her voice goes up at the end. In some items her voice goes down. Tick the ' or column for each item. Listen to the example first. In eachitem, tick the one word that is different from the others.
Ask the student to read each test item, and record the grading on the result sheet page xii. A student's performance can be recorded, or the student can be asked to repeat an item as many times as necessaryto record a result, The reasons for mispronunciation are many, and some may be caused by reading difficulty.
To check this, say the mispronounced word correctly and ask the student to repeat it. If the student can then say it correctly, add the symbol R to your grading on that item, indicating that tfie student can pronounce this sound but may have difficulty when reading it. All the others are short vowels.
I leullul lrl lal ltl 2 lcrl lel lrcl latl laul 3 lol li'. Then open mouth a little more. I Put your tongue up. Practiselill: eat,easy,he, she,we. Stopit leaking! Irf, rr. He'sgoingto leave. The less important words are said more quietly and quidd5l Listen to the sentencesagain and this time look at the underlined syllables below.
Notice that they are louder and slower. Look out for that sheep. This pcel's got vitamin C in it. Throw out that bean. He's going to leave. Readthe wordsaloud or visit the websiteto nractise. One-syllable words: cheese beef tea eat meal three cheap please me Two-syllable words: Peter people Edam evening Eastfield biscuit cheesecake The stressis always on the first syllable.
Two-syllable words: Janine repeat The stressis always on the second syllable. Note on word stress:bold is used here to show you which part of the word is strongly stressed,i. Word stress doesnt usually change, except in some longer words with stress near the end. See4c and 4d. Then read the dialogue and fill the gaps with the correct words from the box. The cheesesandwiches are the cheapest. W oul dvou l i kea I or a sandw i ch cheesesandwich?
Practisereadingthe dialoguealoud,and recordyour voiceto compareyour productionof the targetsoundwith the recording. This movement up or dor,rmbegins on the most important word in a phrase or sentence. In questions with'or' the intonation usually goes dor,rrnat the end. Would you like veal or bcgfi Would you like coffee or tea?
Would you like coffee, tea or milk? You are in a restaurant. Take turns to be the waiter. Ask each other questions, e. Would you like Then one person gives the order to the waiter, who repeats the order to check it. If possible, also practise using other menus. If it is an expensive restaurant, the waiter or waitress can be more formal, sa],'lng Good euening before asking for the order. Iapan Nepalese Nepal Lebanese Vietnam Portuguese rrr d Movingstress The stressof these'ese'nationalities changesif the next word is strongly stressed.
Sowe say,This bcefislapanesebut, It'slqanese bqf. Listen and respond,like the example. Response:Yes, it's Lebanese. It's Lebanesebread. Can I eat it? Eat it. It's six weeks out of date. Listen and repeat. Lookout for that ship. Stopit licking! Thispill'sgotvitaminC in it. Throwout that bin. He'sgoingto live. Look at these examples from the minimal pair sentences. In the brackets on the right, the big circles are the strongly stressedsyllables and the small circles are the weakly stressedsyllables.
Pair l: OUT Read the words aloud or visit the website to practise. Then read the dialogue and fill the gaps with the correct three-syllable words from the list in 3a. KIM: Cricket! KIM: Quick! Practise reading the dialogue aloud, and record your voice to compare your production of the target sound with the recording. In your group, first practise speaking with feeling. Mrs Lee is getting more and more angry. The others are getting more and more excited.
In English, if you get more angry, you usually speak more loudly. Tim lives at number fifteen. Tim Iives at number fifteen Green Street. Ar8 Practise giving As reply in the conversations you hear, like the example. Example A: The dentist is at seventeen Mill Street.
B: Seventy? A: No, not seventy - seventeen. One person calls out the numbers from 4a but in a random order. Take turns to call the numbers. The others each choose one of the boxes A, B, C or D below. Listen to the numbers and if a number is in your box, cover it with a small piece of paper.
Then listen and play as many boxesas you can simultaneously. It lel pen - Is this milk fresh? Alecc Listen and repeat both sounds together:ltl andlel. Mi n im alpairs SoundI Sound2 ltl lel pin pen I needa pin.
I needa pen. That'smy Ben. Prg Peg Where'sthe pig? Where's chick cheque Shewantsa chick. Shewantsa cheque. If the minimal pair sentenceswere spoken with only one strong stress,which word would it be? Read the sentences and guesswhich word it might be. Then listen to the minimal pair sentences again and underline the strongly stressedword in each sentence on page Read - the words aloud or visit the website to practise. In words with two or more syllables,bold is used to show which syllable is strongly stressed.
In the brackets, write the number of syllables in each word before you practise. EXAMPTES friend 1 terribly 3 Emma 2 expensive 3 jea l o u s h e l p e v e ry b o d y any bench K evi n A m e ri c a M e x i c a n E m i l y B en very breadl l E ddi e Notice that many words in English have the strong stresson the first syllable, but some words have the strong stresson the last syllable. Then read the dialogue and fill the gaps l-7 with the correct questions a-g below.
Hi, everybody! Kevin,thisis Adele. Adele, this is Kevin. Adele nods her head t-? Somelemonadewith a bit of ice in it. BE N :5? But I spenteverything. Then practise readingthe dialogue aloud. Recordyour voice to compareyour production of the target sound with the recording. Intonation statementsusually goesdovflr at the end. Intonation in WH questions rMho?
Hown usually goesdomrnat the end. IrIquestion: How did you spend your holiday? Statement: I went to America. YeslNoquestion: Was it expensive? Statement: Yes. Not very. In many place names the strong stress is on the first syllable.
A: How did you spendyour holiday? A: Wasit expensive? B: Yes. Cambridge Aduanced Lectrner's Dictionary. The pronunciation of the word is shown in the International Phonetic Alphabet IPA , with the symbo in front of the main strong stress of the word, e.
Your dictionary will also show the secondary stress usually in longer words with the symbol , , e. In Ship or Sheep? Look up some of these words in a dictionary and mark which syllable has the main strong stress.
But it's Putthe axe here. UL Lookat the men. Lookat the man. I'msanding thetable. It'sa lovelyjam. WehadBradfor lunch. A2Ba e Sentence stress Listen to the first two minimal pair sentences again and look at the circles on the left.
The big circles are the strongly stressedsyllables,and the small circles are the weakly stressedsyllables. OoOO Put the'x' here.
OooO Look at the men. The big circles are the strongly stressedsyllables and the small circles are the weakly stressedsyllables. The big circles are the strongly stressedwords and the small circles are the weakly stressedwords. I He hasn't done the backup. Now listen again and complete the sentences below. Number I has been done as an example. I Aaron works atlhe Ajox TrovelAgency. Record your voice to compare your production of the target sound with the recording.
Question: How do you shorten Annabelle and Ianet? Answer: Ann and lan. Listen to seven possible answers to the next question seepage AtJ3 Notice that when we add more weakly stressed words or syllables to these sentences,we still say them in about the same length of time.
Note that although sometimes native speakersof English do speak like this with a lot of weakly stressedwords, at other times they may use more strongly stressedwords, e. Both have the same rhythm of strong and weak stress. Try a few times. First practise putting your energy into the strongly stressedwords. Next practise saying the weakly stressed words with less energy, so that you say them more quietly. Then practise saying the weakly stressedwords more and more quickly.
Record your voice and compare this with the recording. In the brackets, the big circles are the strongly stressedsyllables and the small circles are the weakly stressed svllables. Answers: a Anthony, Mrs Allen. Try to say the pairs of answers in the same length of time.
Howmuch money's in the hat? I'm hungry too. Where's my cup? There's a hutin thegarden. Seethetruckson the road. She'sgota bug. My unclewasinjured. The big circles are the strong syllables and the small circles are the weak syllables. Practise the sentencesbelow. OOO lVhere's my cup?
Q-a Listen and repeat. Then read the dialogue and fill the gaps l with the correct words from the box. They are all words llke louespelled with o but pronounced l,rl. I don'tunderstand. But Duncan,I loveyou verymuch! Youlovemy cousin. Not thatone. Youthink he's s and I'm unattractive.
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